int check(int a);
// 区间[l, r]被划分成[l, mid]和[mid + 1, r]时使用:
int bsearch_1 (int l, int r)
{
    while (l < r)
    {
        int mid = l + r >> 1;
        if (check(mid)) r = mid;
        else l = mid + 1;
    }
    return l;
}

// 区间[l, r]被划分成[l, mid - 1]和[mid, r]时使用:
int bsearch_2 (int l, int r)
{
    while (l < r)
    {
        int mid = l + r + 1 >> 1;
        if (check(mid)) l = mid;
        else r = mid - 1;
    }
    return l;
}